Genetics is the study genes and heredity. It is the process of traits being passed from parent to child. Genetic disorders are disorders inherited from a parent. Genes are passed from the parent to the child through chromosomes. Children inherit 23 chromosomes from each parent. Parents pass traits to their children - some can be seen and others may not be noticeable. Traits that can be seen are called dominant traits. Traits that are do not show up are recessive traits. Parents can pass genetic disorders to their children without even knowing it if is recessive.
Five genetic disorders:
Edward Syndrome - caused by fetuses having all or part of an extra 18th chromosome. Most fetuses die before birth. Those that survive can have heart defects, slow growth, low birth weight, and physical malformations. Children that live past the first year often are severely retarded.
Down Syndrome - babies with down syndrome can be mentally challenged with a distorted facial appearance and weak muscle tone.
Cri-du-chat Syndrome - results when a piece of chromosome 5 is missing. Babies will have a high pitched cry, delayed development, mental retardation, low birth weight, weak muscles, widely set eyes, low set ears, a small jaw, and rounded face. Some babies a born with a heart defect.
Patau Syndrome - babies will have severe retardation and physical abnormalities. They can also have heart defects, brain or spinal cord abnormalities, small poorly developed eyes, extra fingers or toes, cleft lip and weak muscle tone.
Klenefelter Syndrome - this chromosome disorder affects male physical and cognitive development. They can have small testes, The testes may not produce enough testosterone.This can lead to delayed or incomplete puberty, breast enlargement, reduced facial and body hair, and infertility.
Five genetic disorders:
Edward Syndrome - caused by fetuses having all or part of an extra 18th chromosome. Most fetuses die before birth. Those that survive can have heart defects, slow growth, low birth weight, and physical malformations. Children that live past the first year often are severely retarded.
Down Syndrome - babies with down syndrome can be mentally challenged with a distorted facial appearance and weak muscle tone.
Cri-du-chat Syndrome - results when a piece of chromosome 5 is missing. Babies will have a high pitched cry, delayed development, mental retardation, low birth weight, weak muscles, widely set eyes, low set ears, a small jaw, and rounded face. Some babies a born with a heart defect.
Patau Syndrome - babies will have severe retardation and physical abnormalities. They can also have heart defects, brain or spinal cord abnormalities, small poorly developed eyes, extra fingers or toes, cleft lip and weak muscle tone.
Klenefelter Syndrome - this chromosome disorder affects male physical and cognitive development. They can have small testes, The testes may not produce enough testosterone.This can lead to delayed or incomplete puberty, breast enlargement, reduced facial and body hair, and infertility.